For example “Tanaka is a student, Aki is also a student”, it will be 田中さんはがくせいです。秋さんもがくせいです. This sentence is use when want to present the second clause same as the first and this sentence have 2 clauses. The second sentence means as well or similar to, the structure of sentence is Ｎも. For example, “Who is he?” it will be あのひとはだれですか. For example Who, where, how… you just need to put in the sentence, the word order remains unchanged, then put particleかat the end of the sentence. When you use question to ask, you have to read it higher to emphasize the question same like in English The answer for the question, if it is correct はいor そうですif it is wrongいいえ.To give you an example, “Is Tanaka a student” the question is 田中さんはがくせいですか. The question to confirm the information is correct or incorrect is is only added particleかat the end of the affirmative sentence, particleかis show that you are not sure about something, and you want to ask. For instance when you speak to a person who you know before. ではありませis use in writing or solemn presentation and in speaking, it is shorterじゃありませんor じゃない, this is only in use when it is less in formal. The negative sentence is Ｎ１はＮ２ではありませんin this sentence it changeですintoではありませ, it means N1 is not N2. The particle は when it is read or speak it is わ. In Japanese there are some particle use to recognized subject and object. The particle は is the word mark the end of the subject. In here N1 and N2 are nouns, and particle is は, N1 is the theme or also subject of a sentence, while N2 is the information that the writer or speaker would like to present about the subject. The structure affirmative sentence is Ｎ１はＮ２ですit means N1 is N2. The structures where you come from～からきました for example, アメリカ からきましたI am come from America, or ＡＢＣかいしゃ からきましたI am come from ABC company …Īt the end you have to say どうぞよろしくおねがいしますmeans like please take care of me or please treat me favorable. The questions “What is your name?” おなまえは? this is the short sentence of おなまえはな んですか, な んですか means What.įirst sentence when introducing ourselves はじめましてmeans nice to meet you. For example my name is Ha, my friend have to say: こちらはハです When introducing a third person こちらは～さんです. ぎんこういん : bank employee Name of countries in the World:įirst sentence when walking into a room: しつれいします it means Excuse me. For example ABC しゃいん – employee of ABC company Group of hospital: For example Lee…- teacher Lee or teacher Tanakaīut if in case using name of a company, it will be the word しゃいん. It is also a word for referring to doctors. When speaking direct to the teachers or mentioning some other teacher they call せんせいinstead of calling their name…, this show the politeness and respect. For instance, I am Vietnamese ベトナムじん, I am Americanアメリカじん. In case introducing where you come from “I am American”, the rule is to say the name of the country first then put the suffixeじん. However, ちゃん is only use for little girls, for boys Japanese people call くん. For example, the famous comic book marukochan, it has the name of the little girl Maruko, therfore, people will call her marucochan. When calling children, we put ちゃんafter their name.
But it is only use when call other people name, Japanese people don’t use it to ourselves. When calling someone name, the person who are in direct dialogue needs to call politely, they put さん after their name.
When calling everybody, you say みなさん it is also like ladies and gentlmen However, when knowing someone name or having a close relationship, Japanese people don’t use あなた as above, they have rule of calling someone name. This word is only use in case you meet a person for the first time and don’t know who he or she is. The first part is the vocabulary about pronouns, school, hospital, company… First group is person pronouns After finished the lesson, learners have to remember all the common vocabularies and structures. The lesson 1 will introduce some vocabularies, structures which are used in daily life. In this lesson learners will be study the first lesson. The 3 previous lessons had shown all the writing system of Japanese language. (for shorter summary, check here : Summary of Minna no nihongo coursebook lesson 1)
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